All photographs by Anna Tan and Pak So with the exception of the images and photographers credited herein.

All vintage photographic images and illustrations are from the collection of Pak So and credit is given where the artist is known. Many vintage images are from early photographs or postcards where the artist remains unidentified. Any credit omissions are unintentional and will be corrected in future printings.

Photographic image by AP: Singapore Surrender, 10

Photographic image by International Newsphotos: Old Malayan Mother, 11

Photographic image by Wilson & Co: Couple in rickshaw, 12

Photographic image by AP: Lee Kuan Yew, 16

Photographic image by Keystone: Making sugar cane juice, 84

Photographic image by P. Popper: Nap in mother’s arms, 99

Photographic image by United Press: Glamour dancers, 100

Photographic image by ACME: Malayan youths at recruiting station, 134

Photographic image by ACME: Mobile troops ready to roll, 146